The Pharaos

Pharaohs / Dynasty 21

Siamun

Pl. 142 · also Netjerkheperre Siamun

986 BC to 967 BC, about 19 years · Third Intermediate Period

Modern phonetic rendering, not a copy of an inscription

Siamun was the sixth ruler of the Twenty-first Dynasty, reigning during the Third Intermediate Period. He reigned about 986 to 967 BC, with dates uncertain by about five years, succeeding Osorkon the Elder. Siamun oversaw a period of relative prosperity and active construction in Lower Egypt, maintaining stable relations with the Theban priesthood in the south.

He conducted extensive building operations, adding a major pylon to the Temple of Amun at Tanis and constructing additions to the Temple of Ptah at Memphis. A distinctive stone relief from Tanis depicts the king smiting foreign foes, reflecting continuing royal military traditions. His tomb is disputed, though some scholars associate him with disturbed reburials in Tanis NRT III. Scholars know Siamun through temple reliefs, architectural blocks, and royal inscriptions.

Monuments

  • Tanis Temple of Amun
  • Memphis Temple of Ptah additions

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Dates are conventional and approximate. See method and sources.